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Body mesoaesthetics

Cellulite and uneven-looking skinWhen the dimples on your thighs, buttocks or abdomen change the way you see your skin

Cellulite is one of the most common and most poorly explained features of the skin. It is not a disease, it does not depend only on weight, and it is not explained by toxins. It is a way in which the skin's supporting tissue is organised, and it is more noticeable in certain people and at certain stages of life. Here we explain what causes it, how the grades are distinguished, what a manual ritual with actives can and cannot do, and when a medical assessment is advisable before any ritual, at Clínica Luxmed, in Algés.

Reviewed by Dr Michelle Campagnoli, clinical director

  • 3rituals for this topic
  • 1assessment, always first
  • Nocommitment
Woman seen from behind walking along the Tejo on a wooden riverside walkway

How to recognise it

Is what you see on your skin cellulite?

Not every skin irregularity is cellulite, and not all cellulite is the same. These signs help you understand what is going on before the assessment.

Tick what you recognise0/7

Tick the signs you recognise in your case. This is not a diagnosis, it is only meant to give you an idea.

Pain on touch, tender lumps, easy bruising, a single leg that is more swollen, warm or red, or changes that appear suddenly should be seen without delay, because they may have another cause. Out of hours, call SNS 24: 808 24 24 24.

Professional marking areas of a client's back with a marker during a body assessment
Photograph of a body assessment. The points mark what is observed; the image does not show cellulite.

Why it happens

What is behind cellulite

It is not a lack of care nor a consequence of eating badly. Choose a factor to see how it fits into the story and what helps.

The supporting tissue of the skin

Beneath the skin there are fibrous bands, the septa, which connect the dermis to the muscle and separate compartments of fat. Scientific reviews point to these bands as a central element of cellulite: when they pull the skin down and the fat pushes up, dimples form. That is why cellulite is above all a matter of tissue architecture, and not of dirt or toxins.

What weighs on it

Thinking it can be solved with "detoxes", juices or very restrictive diets, which do not affect this structure.

What helps

Understanding that it is a feature of the tissue and working on the texture and appearance of the skin, with realistic expectations.

Grades and appearance

From mild to more marked appearance

Doctors describe grades of cellulite according to what is seen standing, pinching the skin and lying down. Understanding yours helps you set realistic expectations.

  • How it looks. The skin looks smooth when relaxed and standing, and the dimples only appear when you pinch the skin between your fingers or contract the muscle.

  • When it is noticeable. In side lighting, with the skin stretched or after exercise. Many people with this grade do not even notice it until someone points it out.

  • What usually helps. Regular physical activity, a balanced diet and skin care. Reviews describe lifestyle measures as the starting point.

  • What the clinic can do. A manual ritual with actives can improve how the texture feels and the appearance of the skin, without promising that the dimples will disappear.

  • Tell us at the consultation. Which areas you notice it in, since when, and whether it has changed with a pregnancy, with weight or with age.

Want to know what grade you are at and what makes sense? Book an assessment, so the doctor can examine your skin and explain, without promises, what you can expect.

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What the clinic can do

Rituals for the appearance of the skin

To be clear: cellulite is a very common feature of the supporting tissue, and there is no solution that makes it disappear for good. Luxmed's rituals combine professional mesoestetic® actives with manual technique, after an assessment, and the realistic aim is to improve the look and texture of the skin, not to erase the dimples. Results vary from person to person and depend on regularity and lifestyle. The doctor explains what you can expect before any decision.

Book an assessment
A bowl of golden gel, a wooden massage brush and a cream towel on a countertop with a dark orchid

Skin texture

Ritual Celureduct

For cellulite on the thighs, buttocks and abdomen. It works on several fronts, and here the focus is above all the texture and appearance of the skin.

Suitable when

cellulite is your main complaint and you want to work on the appearance of the skin on the thighs, buttocks or abdomen, after the assessment.

Find out more
A practitioner applying body cream to a thigh, with a jar of Modela cream beside her

Global protocol

Ritual Modela

A global protocol that combines actives and adjusts priorities to each area and each person. The full explanation is on the localised fat page.

Suitable when

the doctor considers that a global protocol makes more sense than a ritual aimed at a single complaint.

Find out more
An arm with golden drops on the skin, next to a folded towel, in soft light

Skin texture

Ritual Veludo

Refines the texture of the skin, smoothing irregularities until it feels even and silky to the touch. It can complement a ritual aimed at cellulite.

Suitable when

you want to improve the smoothness of your skin alongside another ritual, when the doctor considers it appropriate.

Find out more

And the results? Studies on cellulite treatments use different methods and short follow-ups, and there is no single solution. That is why the decision is made after an assessment, with clear goals and follow-up. If the complaint is mostly fluids or heavy legs, the answer is different: see the heavy legs page. If it is fat or contour, see the localised fat page.

What the journey looks like

From the first conversation to follow-up

No ritual begins without an assessment. This is how it works.

  1. 01At the clinic

    Telling your story

    The team asks since when you have noticed the cellulite, in which areas, whether it has changed with age, a pregnancy or weight, whether there is pain on touch or easy bruising, and which creams or treatments you have already used.

  2. 02At the clinic

    Examining the skin

    The skin is examined standing, lying down and pinched, with side lighting, because its appearance changes with position. The doctor checks for signs of other conditions, such as lipedema, that call for a different path.

  3. 03At the clinic

    Defining the starting point

    Standardised photographs, with the same framing and the same lighting, and a description of the grade you are at. They serve as a reference for an honest comparison later on.

  4. 04At the clinic

    Choosing the ritual and setting expectations

    The ritual, the areas to be treated and the number of sessions are explained clearly, without promising results. If the doctor finds it useful, she points out what does not belong to a ritual and should be seen separately.

  5. 05Over time

    Follow-up

    The examination and photographs are repeated, the plan is adjusted and maintenance is discussed. Cellulite may become noticeable again, and the plan is also there for that.

Day to day

What helps at home

What you do at home weighs more than it seems, above all as a whole. These are the habits that make sense alongside the clinic's plan.

The golden rule

Measuring progress by your skin, not by the scales

Cellulite is not measured in kilos. What changes, when it changes, is the texture and appearance of the skin in certain light. Photographs always taken the same way say more than the scales and spare you the frustration of expecting an effect that does not come.

Doing strength exercise

Strengthening the muscles of the thighs and buttocks improves tone and the way the skin sits.

In practice: squats, lunges and glute bridges, two to three times a week, progressing as far as your body allows.

Taking photographs the same way every time

The eye gets used to it and stops seeing small changes.

In practice: same side lighting, same distance and same position, month to month, in the same place at home.

Keeping a stable weight

Large, rapid variations leave the skin looking worse.

In practice: prefer gradual changes, supported by a health professional if you have a weight-loss goal.

Moisturising and protecting the skin

Well-cared-for, hydrated skin has better texture and a better appearance.

In practice: moisturiser after your shower and sun protection on exposed areas.

Telling us everything at the consultation

Medication, pregnancy, allergies and family history change what is appropriate.

In practice: bring a list of the products you use and the treatments you have had.

Dr Michelle Campagnoli, clinical director of Clínica Luxmed

Who will look after you

An assessment carried out by the doctor

At Luxmed, in Algés, the first step is always an assessment with Dr. Michelle Campagnoli. She examines the skin, works out whether it is cellulite or another condition, and decides with you what makes sense, before any ritual.

  • Physical examination and medical historyExamination of the skin in several positions, of your medical history, medication and expectations.
  • A plan tailored to youA clear plan, without promises, with reference photographs and follow-up over time.
  • No obligationThe cost of any treatment is confirmed only after the assessment.
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What is cellulite and why does it appear?

Cellulite is a change in the appearance of the skin, with dimples or ripples, most common on the thighs, buttocks and abdomen. It is neither a disease nor an infection. Scientific reviews point to the role of the fibrous bands that anchor the skin, combined with hormonal and genetic factors and age. It affects most women after puberty and far fewer men. It has nothing to do with lack of hygiene or with eating badly, and understanding the mechanism helps set aside guilt that makes no sense.

Do hormones and genetics have anything to do with cellulite?

Yes, both are part of the explanation, but they are not the only ones. Most cases appear after puberty, which points to the role of hormones, and it is common to see the pattern in several women of the same family. Age, weight, muscle mass and some habits also count. Because there are several causes, there is no single solution, and two bodies with the same routine may look different. That is why comparing yourself with friends or relatives is rarely fair.

How can I tell what grade of cellulite I have?

Look at your skin in side lighting, standing and relaxed, then pinching it between your fingers and, lastly, lying down. In mild grades, the dimples are only visible when pinching. In more marked grades, they are visible standing and, in the most marked, lying down too. There are validated scales that assess the number and depth of the depressions, but only an in-person assessment classifies your case accurately. It is also worth remembering that the light, the position and the time of day change a great deal what you see.

Why do I have cellulite if I am slim?

Because cellulite depends on the structure of the skin's supporting tissue and on factors such as hormones and genetics, and not only on the amount of fat. A low weight may reduce its appearance, but does not prevent it. In slim people, rapid weight loss or little muscle mass in the thighs can also make ripples more visible. It is not a sign of lack of care, and being slim does not protect you. If the appearance bothers you, an assessment helps you understand what to expect in your case.

Cellulite and lipedema: what is the difference?

Cellulite is an appearance of the skin and does not usually hurt. Lipedema is a disease of the fat tissue that mainly affects women, with symmetrical accumulation in the legs and sometimes the arms, sparing the feet and hands, with pain or tenderness on touch and a tendency to bruise. It does not respond well to diet and exercise. If you recognise these signs, seek a medical assessment before any ritual. The diagnosis is clinical and is not made from photographs or on the internet.

Does cellulite go away for good or does it always stay?

Cellulite is a very common feature of the tissue, and reviews do not identify a treatment that makes it disappear in a lasting way. What can be expected, when there is improvement, is skin with a better appearance and texture, which needs maintenance. Many studies have short follow-ups, so caution matters. Any promise to end cellulite should be viewed with care. At the assessment, the clinic tells you frankly what is realistic in your case.

Do anti-cellulite creams work?

The data are inconsistent. One clinical review states that products applied to the skin may be a complement in mild forms, alongside lifestyle measures, but with inconsistent results. A cream may improve hydration and how the skin feels, which also counts, but it should not be expected to erase the dimples. If you have doubts about a product, or if your skin reacts badly to a cream, ask the doctor and bring the packaging so the ingredients can be checked.

What helps more: exercise or diet?

Neither makes cellulite disappear, but both help as a whole. Strength exercise for the thighs and buttocks improves tone and health, and keeping a stable weight avoids rapid changes that worsen the look of the skin. Very restrictive diets do not solve it and may do harm. The ideal is a balanced, sustainable plan adapted to your routine and your health. If you have a weight-loss goal, it is advisable to pursue it with the support of a health professional.

Does anti-cellulite massage work?

A massage does not change the structure of the supporting tissue, and reviews offer no data to support a promise for massages on their own. A manual ritual with actives can improve how the texture feels and the appearance of the skin, along with a sense of well-being. The result varies from person to person and should not be promised before the assessment. Very strong pressure does not help and may leave bruises. If the massage hurts, say so right away, because the pressure should be comfortable.

What treatments exist for cellulite in a clinic?

There are several approaches, including medical procedures described on other Body Aesthetics pages, and reviews compare them with variable results and short follow-ups. In body mesoaesthetics, the rituals combine professional mesoestetic® actives with manual technique. Which one makes sense depends on the grade, the areas, the skin and your expectations, and it is the doctor who assesses and explains the differences at the consultation. The rituals do not include devices or injectables, and the clinic always tells you what belongs to each approach.

Does cellulite get worse after 40, with menopause?

In many women, the appearance changes with age, because the skin loses thickness and elasticity and hormones change. This can make ripples that were already there more visible. It does not happen to everyone, and some people notice little difference. Maintaining muscle mass, a stable weight and regular skin care can help, and an assessment helps you understand what to expect at your stage of life. If you notice sudden changes or pain, the first step is a medical consultation.

When should I see a doctor first?

Before any ritual, see a doctor if you have pain on touch, tender lumps, easy bruising, a single leg that is swollen, warm or red, sudden changes or a marked disproportion between the upper and lower body. A swollen leg on one side with pain is urgent: call SNS 24 (808 24 24 24) if it is out of hours. At Luxmed, the assessment is carried out by Dr. Michelle Campagnoli, and the team will tell you whether it is advisable to wait or to have tests before starting.

How many sessions, and how long before I notice anything?

It depends on the ritual and on your case. The clinic sets the number of sessions and the interval at the assessment, without promising results. Some people notice smoother skin soon afterwards, and others need more time. Because cellulite needs maintenance, the plan usually includes follow-up. Standardised photographs allow an honest before-and-after comparison, and regularity counts for more than speed. The interval between sessions is also decided with you.

Do you treat cellulite in Algés, and what should I bring?

Yes. Luxmed, in Algés, in the municipality of Oeiras, carries out the assessment and, if it makes sense, proposes the appropriate ritual. Bring the list of products you use on your skin, any allergies you know of, your medication and any treatments you have had recently. Tell us if you are pregnant, may be pregnant or are breastfeeding, and whether your skin reacts easily, because this may change what is appropriate. If you can, also bring older photographs of the area, which help show how it has evolved.

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Scientific references

This page is based on the sources below and was reviewed by Dr. Michelle Campagnoli. Last updated on .

  1. Hexsel DM, Dal'forno T, Hexsel CL. A validated photonumeric cellulite severity scale. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 2009.
  2. Rossi AB, Vergnanini AL. Cellulite: a review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 2000.
  3. Callaghan DJ, Robinson DM, Kaminer MS. Cellulite: a review of pathogenesis-directed therapy. Semin Cutan Med Surg, 2017.
  4. Bass LS, Kaminer MS. Insights Into the Pathophysiology of Cellulite: A Review. Dermatol Surg, 2020.
  5. Bass LS, Hibler BP, Khalifian S, Shridharani SM, Klibanov OM, Moradi A. Cellulite Pathophysiology and Psychosocial Implications. Dermatol Surg, 2023.
  6. Menon A, Shauly O, Marxen T, Losken A, Faulkner HR. A Clinical Guide to the Treatment of Cellulite and Comprehensive Review of the Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Utility of Intervention. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 2024.
  7. Lim SK, Gultekin G, Suresan S, Jacob A, Zou Y, Liyanage DD, Parekh JN, Mavilakandy AK, Vyas K, Khajuria A. Comparative Analysis of Cellulite Treatment Modalities: A Systematic Review. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 2025.
  8. Buso G, Depairon M, Tomson D, Raffoul W, Vettor R, Mazzolai L. Lipedema: A Call to Action!. Obesity (Silver Spring), 2019.
  9. Herbst KL, Kahn LA, Iker E, Ehrlich C, Wright T, McHutchison L, Schwartz J, Sleigh M, Donahue PM, Lisson KH, Faris T, Miller J, Lontok E, Schwartz MS, Dean SM, Bartholomew JR, Armour P, Correa-Perez M, Pennings N, Wallace EL, Larson E. Standard of care for lipedema in the United States. Phlebology, 2021.
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